Joe:
I am little under the weather today so my questions/thoughts may not be very coherent (and yes I know my thoughts are generally not very coherent to start with

) . I also know very little about algae, coral growth, etc. in your area.
When pressure washed in October 2015 did the growth come off or did it stay on the dynaplate even after pressure wash
It is possible (coming from someone who knows less than nothing about electrical issues) some type of electrolysis may have taken place - as suggested by other posters. Given that the dynaplate is bronze, is there any possibility that someone painted the dynaplate with some material before launch in April 2015
Several years ago, a well meaning dock staffer painted the shaft zinc donut with prop paint to prevent corrosion.

Fortunately, I noticed what he had done and corrected the issue. I am not sure what the sacrificial zinc would have looked like after immersion in salt water and the chemical reaction between the zinc and the paint chemicals.
Here in South Florida over the past 10-15 years we have been experiencing the sad destruction of our coral reefs by what is called "coral whitening" or "coral bleaching". It looks a lot like your dynaplate

The cause in our area is attributed to various sources (including rising sea temps) - all man-made (man-caused). I will try to attach a photo of the coral bleaching. You mentioned that your sailing waters were very hot this past summer. Maybe a clue
You may want to take a sample of the material on your dynaplate to a local University biochem lab or even Woods Hole. The students may have some interest in a qualitative analysis of what the material is on the dynaplate.
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Fair winds,
Roberto
a/k/a Sea Hunt "The Tadpole Sailor"
CDSOA #1097
________________________________
"
I wish to have no Connection with any Ship that does not Sail fast for I intend to go in harm's way." Captain John Paul Jones, 16 November 1778, as quoted in Naval History and Heritage Command,
http://www.history.navy.mil